What type of punishment is represented by saying "No" contingent upon a learner's response, resulting in a decrease of that response in the future?

The scenario described involves delivering a response of "No" when a learner engages in a particular behavior. This response is oriented toward decreasing the likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the future, which aligns with the principles of punishment in behavior analysis.

Positive punishment occurs when an aversive stimulus is presented following a behavior, which leads to a decrease in that behavior's occurrence. In this case, saying "No" serves as an aversive stimulus that discourages the learner from repeating the response. The critical component is that the consequence is added as a result of the behavior, thus reinforcing the concept of positive punishment.

Understanding this mechanism is essential in behavior analysis, as it emphasizes the impact of consequences on behavior changes. Positive punishment is one of the foundational elements of behavior modification techniques used to shape and alter behaviors in various settings, particularly for individuals with developmental disabilities like autism.