Which schedule of reinforcement requires the completion of a variable number of responses to produce a reinforcer?

The schedule of reinforcement that requires the completion of a variable number of responses to produce a reinforcer is known as a Variable Ratio schedule. In this schedule, the reinforcement is delivered after a varying number of responses, which creates a high and steady rate of responding. This unpredictability encourages individuals to respond more frequently, as they are unsure of when the next reinforcer will be delivered.

For example, in a variable ratio schedule, a person might receive a reward after 10 responses on one occasion and after 5 responses on another. This variability maintains high levels of motivation and effort in the behavior being reinforced, as individuals tend to keep responding, anticipating the next reward.

This is why the Variable Ratio schedule is particularly effective in behavior modification and is often employed in various therapeutic contexts to strengthen desired behaviors in individuals with autism and other developmental challenges.