Which term describes the process where a behavior followed closely by a stimulus event increases the future frequency of that behavior?

The correct term for the process whereby a behavior followed closely by a stimulus event increases the frequency of that behavior is reinforcement. Reinforcement occurs when a consequence follows a behavior, making it more likely that the behavior will occur again in the future. This can involve positive reinforcement, where a favorable outcome or stimulus follows the desired behavior, or negative reinforcement, where an aversive condition is removed following the desired action.

Understanding reinforcement is crucial in behavior analysis and intervention strategies, as it helps in shaping behaviors across various contexts, especially in individuals with autism. By effectively utilizing reinforcement, practitioners can increase adaptive behaviors and decrease maladaptive ones, thereby supporting skill development and overall functioning.

The other terms do not accurately describe this specific process. Punishment refers to a consequence that decreases the likelihood of a behavior recurring, conditioning generally involves learning associations between stimuli and responses, and generalization pertains to the ability to transfer learned behaviors or skills across different contexts and situations. These concepts play important roles in behavior analysis but do not directly address the increase of behavior frequency through stimulus events.